New IRS Regulations Requiring Clergy & Church Leader Response

 Pastors, Church Treasurers, Business Administrators and other Leaders:

 The IRS has a new regulation that requires any organization with an EIN (Employer Identification Number) to notify the IRS when the “Responsible Party” changes.  As many of you know, any organization with its own bank account and payroll has an Employer Identification Number (also referred to as EIN or Tax Id." The EIN works like an identifying Social Security number for organizations and businesses. 
 
To obtain an EIN, an organization must submit a Form SS-4 to the IRS. The SS-4 is a simple, one page form that may be mailed, faxed or even filed electronically with the IRS. As part of that form, the organization must name a "Responsible Party," providing his/her social security number. (The question of, “Who should be the new “responsible party?” is addressed below.) Until now, once named, an organization had no obligation to update the IRS on changes with respect to the Responsible Party.
 
On January 1, 2014, this changed. The IRS has now issued a revised Form 8822-B, "Change of Address or Responsible Party - Business," and is requiring organizations to update their address and responsible party whenever they change. If an organization has not updated its responsible party since the last change, it is required to do so no later than March 31, 2014. 
 
Fortunately, the process is simple. Included is a copy of Form 8822-B. Print the form and complete the following:
1.             Check the box at the top of the form for "tax-exempt organizations."
2.             Check box #1. If your church has also changed locations or business addresses, you will also need to check box #3. For most, only #1 will be necessary.
3.             Complete box#4a with the full legal name of your church/organization. Complete box #4b with your current EIN.
4.             If you have changed mailing addresses without notifying the IRS, also completely boxes 5 & 6. If not, simply proceed to box #8a.
5.             Name the previous responsible party. This is usually the previous treasurer, financial secretary or pastor. If you receive mail from the IRS, the "c/o" name will be the responsible party. Box #9a asks for that person's social security number. Write “unknown” in boxes 8a and 9a if you do not know.
6.             Completely Box #8b and 9b with the new responsible party and his or her social security number. 
7.             Have an authorized person sign and list a phone number for the organization. An authorized person may be the current treasurer, church council chair, finance chair or trustee chair.
8.             Mail the completed form to IRS, Ogden, UT 84201-0023.
 
WHO SHOULD BE THE NEW RESPONSIBLE PARTY? 
Our General Council on Finance & Administration recommends that the treasurers of local churches serve as the responsible party. I agree with this recommendation. While other leaders may share some responsibilities of leadership, the treasurer is typically the best person to receive IRS communication. Other candidates might be the chair of Finance, the Financial Secretary or a local church Business Administrator. We do not recommend that pastors serve in this role, especially given our itinerant system. 
 
WILL SERVING AS THE RESPONSIBLE PARTY OPEN A PERSON TO TAX LIABILITIES OR PENALTIES? 
No. The responsible party is simply the person designated to receive communications and contact the IRS on behalf of the organization. Except in instances of fraud directed by or committed by that individual, the responsible party will not be penalized for acting on behalf of the organization. 
 
Form 8822-B is simple and should not cause a great deal of anxiety. That said, if you have questions, please do not hesitate to contact David Stinson, david@ctcumc.org, with any questions.
 
 
IRS Form 8822-B: Change of Address or Responsible Party – Business:
 
 
 
IRS web page information about Responsible Parties:


 
Email to Conference Chancellors and Treasurers from General Council on Finance and Administration UMC:
 
Dear Chancellors and Treasurers:
We write to inform you of a new IRS requirement, effective this year.
 
Background
When an organization, including a church or church related organization, wants to obtain a federal Employer Identification Number (“EIN”), it must apply for the EIN by submitting IRS Form SS-4 (copy attached).  Line 7 of the Form SS-4 asks for the name and SSN/ITIN/EIN of the organization’s “Responsible Party.”  In general, the Responsible Party is an individual who has direct or indirect authority over the organization and its assets.  (See the more detailed discussion below on who is a Responsible Party.)  Basically, the IRS wants the name and Social Security Number of a specific person it can contact if something is amiss concerning the organization.  However, many organizations submitted their Forms SS-4 long ago, and the names listed on those Forms SS-4 as Responsible Parties may no longer be Responsible Parties, e.g., they no longer work for the organization, and in some cases, they may even be deceased. 
 
New Requirement
So last year, the Treasury Department/ IRS issued a new regulation (Treasury Decision (T.D.) 9617) requiring each organization with an EIN to update the name of its Responsible Party.  And the IRS has a form to be used for this purpose: IRS Form 8822-B (copy attached).  (Form 8822-B is also now the form used to report an organization’s change of address.) This new requirement to update Responsible Parties became effective January 1, 2014, and organizations have sixty (60) days to comply, i.e., March 1, 2014.  Going forward, whenever there is a change of Responsible Party, organizations must update that information using Form 8822-B within sixty (60) days of the change. 
Form 8822-B is relatively straightforward and shouldn’t take very long to complete.  Churches should be sure to check the “tax-exempt organization” box at the top of the form, and if they are only reporting a change in Responsible Parties, they should also check Box 1 (“Employment, excise, income, and other business returns”).
 
Note that to report a change of the organization’s Responsible Party, you must also list the name and SSN/ITIN/EIN of the old Responsible Party on Form 8822-B.  But what if an organization can’t find its old Form SS-4 or, as has happened, the IRS accepted a Form SS-4 in the past without the name of a Responsible Party?  The instructions to the form do not address this circumstance, but we would think the IRS would much prefer that the organization provide the name of the new Responsible Party (leaving blank the name of the old Responsible Party) than not completing the form at all.  While leaving the old Responsible Party line blank may prompt a call from the IRS, it is unclear what else an organization could do to comply with the new requirement in this circumstance.
Penalties for Noncompliance
As for penalties for noncompliance with the new requirement, we quote from the instructions to Form 8822-B:
If you are an entity with an EIN and your responsible party has changed, use of this form is mandatory. Otherwise, use of this form is voluntary. You will not be subject to penalties for failure to file this form. However, if you fail to provide the IRS with your current mailing address or the identity of your responsible party, you may not receive a notice of deficiency or a notice of demand for tax. Despite the failure to receive such notices, penalties and interest will continue to accrue on any tax deficiencies.
In short, every organization with an EIN (including churches) must comply with the new requirement to update the name of its Responsible Party, but there are no (direct) penalties for not complying.
Who is a Responsible Party?
 
Finally, we want to discuss in more detail who would be the Responsible Party for an organization.  The instructions to Form SS-4 (copy attached) give the definition of a Responsible Party for: (a) “For entities with shares or interests traded on a public exchange, or which are registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission” and (b) “For all other entities”.  Obviously, we will focus on the definition in (b):
 
For all other entities, “responsible party” is the person who has a level of control over, or entitlement to, the funds or assets in the entity that, as a practical matter, enables the individual, directly or indirectly, to control, manage, or direct the entity and the disposition of its funds and assets. The ability to fund the entity or the entitlement to the property of the entity alone, however, without any corresponding authority to control, manage, or direct the entity (such as in the case of a minor child beneficiary), does not cause the individual to be a responsible party.
 
First, we should note that in a few circumstances, a Responsible Party for an organization could be another entity, but it is typically an individual.  So who would that individual be for a local church or an annual conference?  As you know, our church structure and polity doesn’t often fit neatly into government definitions and rules.  But we still have to do the best we can.  One could argue that the bishop (for the annual conference) and the pastor (for the local church) fit this definition.  But our (non-legal) opinion is that the persons who best fit this definition for annual conferences and local churches are their respective treasurers.  Arguably, they, more than anyone else in their respective entities, could be said to directly or indirectly “control, manage, or direct the entity and the disposition of its funds and assets.”  While they are certainly “closer” to controlling, managing, or directing the disposition of the organization’s assets as opposed to controlling, managing, or directing the entity itself, arguably they indirectly do the latter as well.  Regardless, in the end, the IRS wants a name and a SSN, and it can’t be just anyone associated with the organization.
 
We would appreciate it if you would inform your local churches and other affiliated organizations of this new requirement in whatever manner you deem best.
 
Thank you,
 
GCFA Legal Services Department